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Attingal is a town and a municipality in the Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala state, India, bounded by the Mamom and Vamanapuram rivers.
History
Feudal Rulers
The senior females in the royal family of Travancore were known as the Attingal Ranis. The eldest princess was known as Attingal Mootha Thampuran (Senior Rani of Attingal)., The princess next in seniority was called the Attingal Elaya Thampuran (Junior Rani of Attingal). Although they were rightfully entitled only to the revenues of Attingal and had no sovereign powers, they often entered into separate treaties and transactions with foreign traders, primarily the Dutch.
The Attingal Revolution
The granting of Anchuthengu to the English provoked the wrath of the local population. In 1697 the English factory was subjected to a violent but futile attack. In 1721, the English factors felt the need to appease the Rani of Attingal. They decided to send her some presents. The local agents of the Ettuveetil Pillamar demanded that those presents should be given to them for transmission to the Rani. When this was denied, 140 Englishmen were massacred on the way to present their gifts, and the fort was besieged for nearly six months. The fort was relieved when reinforcements arrived from Talassery.
Similarly, the grant of Talassery was resented by Kurangoth Nair[who-], who claimed the territory to be under his control. He, in alliance with one of the dissident Kolathiri princes[who-], raided the company's warehouse and inflicted heavy damage to the property in 1704-05.
Many modern historians consider the Attingal Revolution to be the first revolution against the British in India, as it occurred long before the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. According to the writings of Jacob Wisher (a Dutch priest), the 140 Englishmen actually reached the Attingal palace, but the Rani tricked them by saying that she would not be able to see them that night. Also, they unwisely spread themselves among different locations near the palace, so they couldn't help each other. That night they were brutally attacked and all of them (except the local servants) were murdered. There are slight variations to this story in the accounts of some British officials.
Geography
Attingal is located at 8°41-N 76°50-E- / -8.68°N 76.83°E- / 8.68; 76.83[1]. It has an average elevation of 23 metres (75 feet).
Demographics
According to the 2001 census,[2] Attingal has a population of 35,648. Males constitute 47% of the population and females 53%. Attingal has an average literacy rate of 95%, with 98% of males and 92% of females literate. 11% of the population is under the age of 6. The town is famed for its cleanliness in recent years. The muncipality has undertaken many plans which had been succeeded. the muncipality also achieved a couple of awards for the success.
Tourism
- Sarkara Devi Temple, Varkala beach (17 km) and Anjengo Fort are major tourist attractions near Attingal. There is also a monument to the great poet of Kerala, Sri Kumaran Asan, who was born and brought up at Kaikkara (Near Varkala). The monument is at Thonnakkal, just 5 km south of Attingal alongside National Highway 47, enroute to Trivandrum. In addition, the historical fort of Anchuthengu is about 10 km from Attingal town and the famous Siva temple Avanavanchery Sri Indilayappan Temple is within the Attingal municipal area.
- The family goddess of the Travancore Maharaja is worshipped at Kollampuzha Thiruvarattu Kavu just 3 km away, with annual public celebrations held every year under the auspices of the Royal Family and the Travancore Devaswom Board.
Transport
One of the major highways, NH 47, passes through Attingal. Varkala Railway Station (15 km), Chirayinkeezhu Railway Station (6 km), and KadakkavoorRailway Station (6 km) are the nearest railway stations. Trivandrum International (33 km) is the nearest airport. There are two bus depots, one for private bus operators and one for the State Transport Corporation.
Politics
The Attingal assembly constituency is part of Attingal (Lok Sabha constituency).[3]
References
Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Artikel Attingal aus der freien Enzyklopädie Wikipedia und steht unter der GNU-Lizenz für freie Dokumentation. In der Wikipedia ist eine Liste der Autoren verfügbar.
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